NewHaven2.sid

Metadata:

• Identification_Information
• Data_Quality_Information
• Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
• Spatial_Reference_Information
• Entity_and_Attribute_Information
• Distribution_Information
• Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

Publication_Date:

REQUIRED: The date when the data set is published or otherwise made available for release.

Title: NewHaven2.sid

Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image

Online_Linkage:

\\Map03\GIS\Yale_GIS\Patrons\Doug_Rae\New_Haven\DOQQ\NewHaven2.sid

Description:

Abstract:

Orthophotos combine the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. The primary digital orthophotoquad (DOQ) is a 1-meter ground resolution, quarter-quadrangle (3.75-minutes of latitude by 3.75-minutes of longitude) image cast on the Universal Transverse Mercator Projection (UTM) on the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83). The geographic extent of the DOQ is equivalent to a quarter-quad plus The overedge ranges a minimum of 50 meters to a maximum of 300 meters beyond the extremes of the primary and secondary corner points. The overedge is included to facilitate tonal matching for mosaicking and for the placement of the NAD83 and secondary datum corner ticks. The normal orientation of data is by lines (rows) and samples (columns). Each line contains a series of pixels ordered from west to east with the order of the lines from north to south. The standard, archived digital orthophoto is formatted as four ASCII header records, followed by a series of 8-bit binary image data records. The radiometric image brightness values are stored as 256 gray levels ranging from 0 to 255. The metadata provided in the digital orthophoto contain a wide range of descriptive information including format source information, production instrumentation and dates, and data to assist with displaying and georeferencing the image.

Purpose:

DOQ's serve a variety of purposes, from interim maps to field references for earth science investigations and analysis. The DOQ is useful as a layer of a geographic information system and as a tool for revision of digital line graphs and topographic maps.

Supplemental_Information:

There is no worldfile for this image. Included in the ZIP file are a header file, a text file and a documentation file. The text file is an extraction of the title, the date, and the NAD27 and NAD83 corner points. Also included in the ZIP file are conversion utilities for DOS and Unix.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 1990

Status:

Progress: Complete

Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.063707

East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.874525

North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.437856

South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.187140

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Theme_Keyword: Remotely Sensed Imagery

Theme_Keyword:

Theme_Keyword: Imagery

Theme_Keyword: Aerial Photography

Place:

Place_Keyword: New Haven and Surrounding Towns

Stratum:

Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Stratum_Keyword: None

Temporal:

Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None

Access_Constraints: None

Use_Constraints: None

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Earth Science Information Center

Address: 507 National Center

City: Reston

State_or_Province: Virginia

Postal_Code: 20192

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-800-USA-MAPS

Hours_of_Service: 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Monday Through Friday

Native_Data_Set_Environment:

Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.3.0.800

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report:

During photographic reproduction of the source photography, limited analog dodging is performed to improve image quality. Analog dodging consists of holding back light from certain areas of the sensitized photographic material to avoid overexposure. The diapositive is inspected to insure clarity and radiometric uniformity. Diapositive image brightness values are collected with a minimum of image quality manipulation. Image brightness values may deviate from brightness values of the original imagery due to image value interpolation during the scanning and rectification processes. Radiometry is verified by visual inspection of the digital orthophoto quadrangle with the original unrectified image to determine if the digital orthophoto has the same or better image quality as the original unrectified input image. Slight systematic radiometric differences can be detected between adjacent DOQ files due primarily to differences in source photography capture dates and sun angles of aerial photography along flight lines. These differences can be observed in an image's general lightness or darkness when compared to adjacent DOQ file coverages.

Logical_Consistency_Report:

All DOQ header data and image file sizes are validated by the Tape Validation System (TVS) software prior to archiving in the National Digital Cartographic Data Base (NDCDB). This validation procedure assures correct physical format and field values for header record elements. Logical relationships between header record elements are tested.

Completeness_Report:

All DOQ imagery is visually inspected for completeness to ensure that no gaps, or image misplacement exist in the 3.75' image area or in overedge coverage. DOQ images may be derived by mosaicking multiple images, in order to insure complete coverage. All DOQ's are cloud free within the 3.75' image area. Some clouds may, very infrequently, be encountered only in the overedge coverage. Source photography is leaf-off in deciduous vegetation regions. Void areas having a radiometric value of zero and appearing black may exist. These are areas for which no photographic source is available or result from image transformation from other planimetric systems to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM). In the latter case, the void sliver areas are on the outside edges of the overedge area. The data set field content of each DOQ header record element is validated to assure completeness prior to archiving in the NDCDB.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

The DOQ horizontal positional accuracy and the assurance of that accuracy depend, in part, on the accuracy of the data inputs to the rectification process. These inputs consist of the digital elevation model (DEM),aerotriangulation control and methods, the photo source camera calibration, scanner calibration, and aerial photographs that meet National Aerial Photography Program (NAPP) standards. The vertical accuracy of the verified USGS format DEM is equivalent to or better than a USGS level 1 or 2 DEM, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of no greater than 7.0 meters. Field control is acquired by third order class 1 or better survey methods sufficiently spaced to meet National Map Accuracy Staandards (NMAS) for 1:12,000-scale products. Aerial cameras have current certification from the USGS, National Mapping Division, Optical Science Laboratory. Test calibration scans are performed on all source photography scanners.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey

Title:

Digital Orthophotography of the quadrant the 7.5 minute Quadrangle of New Haven NEQQ

Online_Linkage: <http://magic.lib.uconn.edu/>

Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000

Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM

Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The production procedures, instrumentation, hardware and software used in the collection of standard USGS DOQ's vary depending on systems used at the contract, cooperator or USGS production sites. The majority of DOQ datasets are acquired through government contract. The process step describes, in general, the process used in the production of standard USGS DOQ data sets. The rectification process requires, as input, a user parameter file to control the rectification process, a digital elevation model (DEM1) gridded to user specified bounds, projection, zone, datum and X-Y units, a scanned digital image file (PHOTO1) covering the same area as the DEM, ground X-Y-Z point values (CONTROL_INPUT) and their conjugate photo coordinates in the camera coordinate system, and measurements of the fiducial marks (CAMERA_INPUT) in the digitized image. The camera calibration report (CAMERA_INPUT) provides the focal length of the camera and the distances in millimeters from the camera's optical center to the camera's 8 fiducial marks. These marks define the frame of reference for spatial measurements made from the photograph. Ground control points (CONTROL_INPUT) acquired from ground surveys or developed in aerotriangulation, are third order class 1 or better, and meet National Map Accuracy Standard (NMAS) for 1:12,000-scale. Ground control points are in the Universal Transverse Mercator or the State Plane Coordinate System on NAD83. Horizontal and vertical residuals of aerotriangulated tie-points are equal to or less than 2.5 meters. Standard aerotriangulation passpoint configuration consists of 9 ground control points, one near each corner, one at the center near each side and 1 near the center of the photograph, are used. The conjugate positions of the ground control points on the photograph are measured and recorded in camera coordinates. The raster image file (PHOTO_1) is created by scanning an aerial photograph film diapositive with a precision image scanner. An aperture of approximately 25 to 32 microns is used, with an aperture no greater than 32 microns permitted. Using 1:40,000-scale photographs, a 25-micron scan aperture equates to a ground resolution of 1-meter. The scanner converts the photographic image densities to gray scale values ranging from 0 to 255 for black and white photographs. Scan files with ground resolution less than 1 meter or greater than 1 meter but less than 1.28 meters are resampled to 1 meter. The principal elevation data source (DEM1) are standard DEM datasets from the National Digital Cartographic Data Base (NDCDB). DEM's that meet USGS standards are also produced by contractors to fulfill DOQ production requirements and are subsequently archived in the NDCDB. All DEM data is equivalent to or better than USGS DEM standard level 1. The DEM used in the production of DOQ's generally has a 30-meter grid post spacing and possesses a vertical RMSE of 7-meters or less. A DEM covering the extent of the photograph is used for the rectification. The DEM is traversed from user-selected minimum to maximum X-Y values and the DEM X-Y-Z values are used to find pixel coordinates in the digitized photograph using transformations mentioned above. For each raster image cell subdivision, a brightness or gray-scale value is obtained using nearest neighbor, bilinear, or cubic convolution resampling of the scanned image. The pixel processing algorithm is indicated in the header file . An inverse transformation relates the image coordinates referenced to the fiducial coordinate space back to scanner coordinate space. For those areas for which a 7.5-minute DEM is unavailable and relief differences are less than 150 feet, a planar-DEM (slope-plane substitute grid) may be used. Rectification Process: The photo control points and focal length are iteratively fitted to their conjugate ground control points using a single photo space resection equation. From this mathematical fit is obtained a rotation matrix of constants about the three axes of the camera. This rotation matrix can then be used to find the photograph or camera coordinates of any other ground X-Y-Z point. Next a two dimensional fit is made between the measured fiducial marks on the digitized photograph and their conjugate camera coordinates. Transformation constants are developed from the fit and the camera or photo coordinates are used in reverse to find their conjugate pixel coordiates on the digitized photograph. Quality Control: All data is inspected according to a quality control plan. DOQ contractors must meet DOQ standards for attribute accuracy, logical consistency, data completeness.

Process_Date: Unknown

Process_Time: Unknown

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Earth Science Information Center, U.S. Geological Survey

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Earth Science Information Center

Address: 507 National Center

City: Reston

State_or_Province: Virginia

Postal_Code: 20192

Country: USA

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-800-USA-MAPS

Hours_of_Service: 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Monday Through Friday

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The BIL files were reprojected by the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection to conform with state standards. Using ESRI GRID the files were reprojected to Connecticut State Plane, NAD 83. Pursuant to Sec. 13a-255. "Establishment of a Connecticut coordinate system" in the Connecticut Statutes at Large, units are designated as survey feet.

Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Deborah Dumin

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

Natural Resources Center, Dept. of Environmental Protection, Connecticut.

Contact_Position: GIS Technician

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address

Address: Natural Resources Center

Address: Dept. of Environmental Protection.

Address: 79 Elm St.

City: Hartford

State_or_Province: CT

Postal_Code: 06106-5127

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (860) 424-3595

Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (860) 424-4058

Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: deborah.dumin@po.state.ct.us

Hours_of_Service: 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Monday Through Friday

Contact_Instructions: Unavailable

Process_Step:

Process_Description: Metadata imported.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: C:\DOCUME~1\fs76\LOCALS~1\Temp\xmlBE.tmp

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster

Raster_Object_Information:

Raster_Object_Type: Pixel

Row_Count: 27803

Column_Count: 15770

Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name: Lambert Conformal Conic

Lambert_Conformal_Conic:

Standard_Parallel: 41.200000

Standard_Parallel: 41.866667

Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -72.750000

Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 40.833333

False_Easting: 999999.999996

False_Northing: 499999.999998

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column

Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 3.281005

Ordinate_Resolution: 3.281005

Planar_Distance_Units: survey feet

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983

Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000

Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Band_1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: ObjectID

Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.

Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Value

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Count

Overview_Description:

Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:

For DOQ's from panchromatic source each pixel contains an 8-bit gray-scale value between 0-255. A value of 0 represents the color black while a value of 255 represents the color white. All values between 0 and 255 are repesented as a shade of gray varying from black to white. For color-infrared and natural color DOQs' a digital number from 0 to 255 will also be asssigned to each pixel but that number will refer to a color look-up table which will contain the RGB red, blue and green (RGB) values, each from 0 to 255, for that digital number. Areas where the rectification process is incomplete due to incomplete data (i.e., lack of elevation data, gaps), are represented with the numeric value of 0.

Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:

A hypertext version is available at: <URL:http://edc.usgs.gov/glis/hyper/guide/usgs_doq>

Distribution_Information:

Distributor:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: Map and Geographic Information Center

Contact_Position: Map Librarian

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing Address

Address: MAGIC U-5m

Address: Homer Babbidge Library

Address: 369 Fairfield Rd.

City: Storrs

State_or_Province: CT

Postal_Code: 06269

Contact_Voice_Telephone: (860) 486-4589

Hours_of_Service: 9-12, 1-5 M-F, 18:30-21:30 M-W

Resource_Description: Downloadable Data

Distribution_Liability:

MAGIC is charged with the distribution of the State's corporate geographic database and, in cooperation with other mapping organizations, is committed to offering its users accurate, useful, and current information about the state. Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of information, errors and conditions originating from physical sources used to develop the corporate database may be reflected in the data supplied. The client must be aware of data conditions and bear responsibility for the appropriate use of the information with respect to possible errors, original map scale, collection methodology, currency of data, and other conditions specific to certain data. MAGIC endorses but does not support secondary distribution of this data.

Standard_Order_Process:

Digital_Form:

Digital_Transfer_Information:

Transfer_Size: 20.685

Metadata_Reference_Information:

Metadata_Date: 20030910

Metadata_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

REQUIRED: The organization responsible for the metadata information.

Contact_Person: REQUIRED: The person responsible for the metadata information.

Contact_Address:

Address_Type:

REQUIRED: The mailing and/or physical address for the organization or individual.

City: REQUIRED: The city of the address.

State_or_Province: REQUIRED: The state or province of the address.

Postal_Code: REQUIRED: The ZIP or other postal code of the address.

Contact_Voice_Telephone:

REQUIRED: The telephone number by which individuals can speak to the organization or individual.

Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata

Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

Metadata_Time_Convention: local time

Metadata_Access_Constraints: None

Metadata_Use_Constraints: None

Metadata_Security_Information:

Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None

Metadata_Extensions:

Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>

Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile